Learning logs
As students start class, they are given a prompt to which they respond for a few minutes in writing. The task is not designed as a mathematics problem per se, but rather to encourage students to focus on mathematics.
One fifth-grade teacher typically used learning logs to review previously learned material. On one occasion, the prompt she posed was, What did we learn about mean, median, and mode? Most students wrote at least a half page filled with definitions and examples (see Figure 1A). While studying probability, one student wrote the following definition: "The 'probability' of something is how likly your gonna get, pick, or find something." He then gave an example using shapes and colored cards (see Figure 1B).
Figure 1A: Learning log entries by fifth graders — definitions and examples of mean, median, and mode

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